What Causes Gum Disease?

Poor oral hygiene habits such as not brushing and flossing on a daily basis, will make Plaque is the primary cause of gum disease.

However, there are other factors such as hormonal changes, pregnancy, medication, illnesses and  family history of dental genetic diseases. Bad habits such as smoking make it harder for gum tissue to repair itself.

Gingivites

Gingivites is the form of periodontal disease. It causes the gums to become red, swollen, and bleed easily. There isusually little or no discomfort at this stage. Gingivitis is often caused by inadequate oral hygiene. Gingivitis is reversible with professional treatment and good oral home care.Factors that may contribute to gingivitis include, diabetes, smoking, aging, genetic predisposition, systemic diseases and conditions, stress, inadequate nutrition, puberty, hormonal fluctuations, pregnancy, substance abuse, HIV infection, and certain medication use.

How is gum disease treated?

The main goal of treatment is to control the infection. The number and types of treatment will vary, depending on the extent of the gum disease. Any type of treatment requires that the patient keep up good daily care at home.

The doctor may also suggest changing certain behaviors, such as quitting smoking, as a way to improve treatment outcome

The dentist, periodontist, or dental hygienist removes the plaque through a deep-cleaning method called scaling and root planing. Scaling means scraping off the tartar from above and below the gum line. Root planing gets rid of rough spots on the tooth root where the germs gather, and helps remove bacteria that contribute to the disease. In some cases a laser may be used to remove plaque and tartar. This procedure can result in less bleeding, swelling, and discomfort compared to traditional deep cleaning methods.